The Effect of the Listening Triangle Strategy on Mental Fitness and Learning the Performance of Certain Volleyball Skills among Female Students

Abstract

The research aimed to prepare educational exercises and employ them using the Listening Triangle Strategy to learn the performance of certain volleyball skills among female students, as well as to identify the effect of educational exercises based on the Listening Triangle Strategy on mental fitness and learning the performance of certain volleyball skills among female students. The researcher adopted the experimental method on a sample of (66) female students who were intentionally selected, representing (29.73%) of their population, which consisted of second-year morning-study students at the College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences / University of Baghdad for the academic year (2025–2026). In addition (100) female students were selected for the scale construction sample. After preparing the measurement tools and designing the educational exercises according to the Listening Triangle Strategy, they were applied in the main experiment to the experimental group, consisting of (33) female students, for a period of (6) consecutive weeks, with a total of (12) educational units. Upon completion of the experiment, the results were statistically processed using the SPSS system. The conclusions indicated that the mental fitness scale for learning volleyball skill performance possessed the necessary scientific conditions, foundations, and coefficients required for acceptance. The study also concluded that the educational exercises designed according to the Listening Triangle Strategy in practical volleyball lessons were appropriate for second-year morning-study students at the College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences / University of Baghdad. Furthermore, applying educational exercises based on the Listening Triangle Strategy in practical physical education lessons contributed to improving the level of mental fitness for learning volleyball skill performance among the students who learned through this strategy, compared with students who learned without it. The results also showed that applying educational exercises according to the Listening Triangle Strategy in practical physical education lessons helped improve the performance of volleyball skills, namely serving, setting, and spiking, among the students who learned through this strategy, outperforming those who learned without it. Accordingly, the researcher recommended the necessity of adopting mental measurement when female students learn volleyball skill performance and training teachers on measurement procedures because of their role in supporting and correcting the course of skill performance. The researcher also recommended that, when preparing educational exercises according to the Listening Triangle Strategy, there should be sufficient freedom for thinking and activation of both mind and body to accomplish educational tasks while considering the improvement of mental fitness as the cognitive factor supporting the performance of serving, setting, and spiking skills in volleyball.