The effect of ABC exercises on developing specific physical abilities and accuracy of the spiking skill of Anbar Premier League volleyball players

Abstract

This study aimed to identify the effect of ABC exercises on developing specific physical abilities and the accuracy of the spike skill among volleyball players. The hypothesis was that there would be statistically significant differences between the pre- and post-test results for the sample. The results confirm that using exercises creates adaptations in all specific physical abilities and the spike skill. The development of specific physical abilities (explosive power) positively impacted the skill performance of the volleyball spike. The research sample included Premier League clubs for the 2025/2026 season. The total number of clubs was (5), and the research sample consisted of Al-Habaniyah and Heet clubs, which represented (40%) of the research population, with (14) players for each club. The free player, whose number was (4), was excluded in the skill of the smash hit, in addition to the statistical methods. The research results were also presented and discussed, through which the research objectives and hypotheses were achieved. The researchers reached a set of conclusions and recommendations through the research, the first of which is the need to pay attention to the use of (ABC) exercises according to scientific principles and during the special preparation period due to its importance in the special physical and skill abilities of volleyball players, and the need to conduct more research in the field of volleyball using (ABC) exercises on their players of different age groups and other skills, as well as its use with other sports whose skills require speed and strength.